Echinacoside alleviates airway remodeling and inflammation in an ovalbumin-induced neonatal mouse model of asthma by modulating the SIRT1-NF-κB pathway.

PURPOSE: Echinacoside (ECH) has been reported to have anti-inflammatory and anti-immune effects, and may be effective for treating asthma. This study aimed to investigate the effect of ECH on asthma. METHODS: A mouse model of asthma was established by ovalbumin (OVA) induction, and the effect of ECH on airway remodeling in mice was evaluated using the Periodic Acid-Schiff stain and enzyme-linked immunosorbent serologic assay (ELISA). Additionally, the effect of ECH on collagen deposition in asthmatic mice was assessed using Western blotting (WB) analysis, and response to airway inflammation was evaluated by ELISA. The signaling pathway regulated by ECH was also investigated using WB. RESULTS: Our findings demonstrated that ECH restored OVA-induced increase in mucin, -immunoglobulin E, and respiratory resistance. ECH also alleviated OVA-induced collagen -deposition, including collagen I, collagen III, alpha smooth muscle actin, and epithelial (E)-cadherin. Moreover, ECH restored the elevated levels of interleukin (IL)-13, IL-17, and the increased -number of macrophages, eosinophils, lymphocytes, and neutrophills induced by OVA. ECH mainly exerted its regulatory effects by modulating the silent mating type information regulation 2 homolog 1 (Sirtuin 1/SIRT1)-nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathway in the mouse models of asthma. CONCLUSION: This study highlights the therapeutic potential of ECH for attenuating airway remodeling and inflammation in an OVA-induced neonatal mouse model of asthma through the modulation of SIRT1/NF-κB pathway.

Echinacoside alleviates airway remodeling and inflammation in an ovalbumin-induced neonatal mouse model of asthma by modulating the SIRT1–NF-kB pathway

Purpose: Echinacoside (ECH) has been reported to have anti-inflammatory and anti-immune effects, and may be effective for treating asthma. This study aimed to investigate the effect of ECH on asthma. Methods: A mouse model of asthma was established by ovalbumin (OVA) induction, and the effect of ECH on airway remodeling in mice was evaluated using the Periodic Acid-Schiff stain and enzyme-linked immunosorbent serologic assay (ELISA). Additionally, the effect of ECH on collagen deposition in asthmatic mice was assessed using Western blotting (WB) analysis, and response to airway inflammation was evaluated by ELISA. The signaling pathway regulated by ECH was also investigated using WB. Results: Our findings demonstrated that ECH restored OVA-induced increase in mucin, -immunoglobulin E, and respiratory resistance. ECH also alleviated OVA-induced collagen -deposition, including collagen I, collagen III, alpha smooth muscle actin, and epithelial (E)-cadherin. Moreover, ECH restored the elevated levels of interleukin (IL)-13, IL-17, and the increased -number of macrophages, eosinophils, lymphocytes, and neutrophills induced by OVA. ECH mainly exerted its regulatory effects by modulating the silent mating type information regulation 2 homolog 1 (Sirtuin 1/SIRT1)–nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathway in the mouse models of asthma. Conclusion: This study highlights the therapeutic potential of ECH for attenuating airway remodeling and inflammation in an OVA-induced neonatal mouse model of asthma through the modulation of SIRT1/NF-κB pathway (AU)

Axillary accessory breast cancer with persistent leftsuperior vena cava: A case report and treatment controversy.

INTRODUCTION: Axillary accessory breast cancer and persistent left superior vena cava (PLSVC) are rare clinically. Many controversial treatments for accessory breast cancer are worth discussing and learning. PRESENTATION OF THE CASE: A 48-year-old woman presented with biopsy histopathology confirmed. Right axillary mass biopsy pathology showed mucinous adenocarcinoma of accessory breast. She concerned that the axillary accessory breast cancer was more likely to metastasize and unsure about whether to remove the breast. She accepted extended right axillary accessory breast resection plus ipsilateral axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) and received chemotherapy. She was found to have a PLSVC before chemotherapy. DISCUSSION: Is there a need to remove the breast and perform ALND during axillary accessory breast cancer surgery? Is sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) appropriate for axillary accessory breast cancer surgery? Can negative SLNB for axillary accessory breast cancer avoid ALND? Does accessory breast cancer without axillary lymph node metastasis require local radiotherapy? Does PLSVC impact the use of peripherally inserted central catheters (PICC) tubes during chemotherapy? Patients with accessory breast cancer without breast invasion should undergo local extended resection and ALND. SLNB for accessory breast cancer cannot instead of ALND. We recommend routine axillary radiotherapy after accessory breast cancer surgery. If it is determined that the tip of PICC is not in the coronary sinus of PLSVC, PLSVC does not affect chemotherapy. CONCLUSION: Many treatment strategies for accessory breast cancer require more evidence from evidence-based medicine. It is imperative to conduct multi-center accessory breast cancer research.